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1. Corrosion Damage of Parts
To prevent corrosion, metal components are often coated with corrosion-resistant materials such as nickel, chromium, or zinc. Alternatively, oil is applied to the surface of metal parts, while non-metal parts are painted with anti-corrosive coatings to avoid direct contact with harmful substances. Improving the surface finish of the parts can also help reduce potential differences on the surface, which in turn minimizes the risk of electrochemical corrosion. Proper maintenance and regular inspections are essential to ensure that these protective layers remain intact over time.
2. Fatigue Damage of Parts
Fatigue damage typically manifests as cracks, fractures, or surface peeling due to repeated stress cycles. To mitigate this, it's important to improve the surface finish during the manufacturing process, which helps distribute stress more evenly. Using smooth transitions and avoiding sharp corners can also reduce stress concentration. Additionally, heat treatments like carburizing and quenching enhance the hardness, toughness, and wear resistance of the components, significantly extending their service life.
3. Friction and Wear of Parts
To minimize abrasive wear, agricultural machinery often uses wear-resistant materials for its working parts. During design, efforts are made to reduce frictional resistance by optimizing the shape and structure of these components. For example, high-manganese alloys and rare earth-containing materials are used for soil-contacting parts, while materials like polyvinyl fluoride are applied to plow walls. The use of roller plows instead of traditional ones reduces sliding friction, replacing it with rolling motion, which greatly decreases wear and improves efficiency. Regular lubrication and proper maintenance further help in reducing friction and prolonging the life of the machinery.