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1. Corrosion Damage of Parts
To prevent corrosion, metal components are often coated with corrosion-resistant materials such as nickel, chromium, or zinc. Alternatively, oil is applied to the surface of metal parts, while non-metal parts are painted with anti-corrosive coatings to avoid direct contact with harmful substances. Additionally, improving the surface finish of the part can help reduce potential differences on its surface, which in turn minimizes the risk of electrochemical corrosion. Regular maintenance and proper storage conditions also play a crucial role in extending the life of components in corrosive environments.
2. Fatigue Damage of Parts
Fatigue damage typically manifests as cracks or surface flaking due to repeated stress cycles. To mitigate this, the surface finish of the part should be enhanced during manufacturing. Using gentle section transitions can help reduce stress concentration, which is a common cause of fatigue failure. Moreover, heat treatments like carburizing and quenching can significantly improve the hardness, toughness, and wear resistance of the component, leading to longer service life and better performance under cyclic loading.
3. Friction Damage of Parts
To minimize abrasive wear, agricultural machinery often uses wear-resistant materials for working parts. When designing these components, engineers aim to reduce frictional resistance by optimizing shape and structure. For example, high-manganese alloys and rare earth-containing materials are used for soil-contacting parts, while materials like polyvinyl fluoride are applied to plow walls to increase durability. Additionally, using roller plows instead of traditional ones reduces sliding friction to rolling friction, which significantly lowers the amount of wear and improves efficiency. These design and material choices contribute to more reliable and long-lasting machinery performance.