Several Key Techniques to Be Noted in Hybrid Maize Seed Production Du Shijun (Gansu Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China) Hybrid corn seed production is a technical work that is constrained by a variety of factors. Each technical link is very critical, and if it is not properly managed, it may result in a drop in seed production quality and yield. In order to ensure the further improvement of seed production quality and yield, the following key technologies must be noted in production. 1 selection and isolation Because of the differences in altitude, soil types and field management levels, hybrid corn seed production varied in flowering time, yield, and maturity. In terms of the current seed production conditions in the Hexi region of Gansu, the seed production base should be located in an area below 1,500 m above sea level. The soil is suitable for sandy loam (saline-alkali land is not suitable for seed production, and it is prone to premature decline in later periods), and has sufficient human resources. Good water and fertilizer conditions, good well irrigation facilities and irrigation and drainage conditions. When spatial isolation is adopted for farming, the distance between the flowering period and other pollen sources shall not be less than 300m. 2 Determination of planting methods Reasonable planting methods should be determined based on the characteristics of the parents and the wrong period. Under normal circumstances, when the parents of the wrong period of more than 15 days should adopt the line than the planting method, so you can avoid the mother or father and mother to help the parents of the coordinated development, to ensure the normal flowering meet; usually when the female plant type compact When the parent plant is taller than the female plant and the parental error period is not more than 7 days, the planting patterns of the stars are recommended; when the parental error period is between 7 and 15 days, the planting pattern of the line is more than that of the full star. safe. In addition, the size of the male tassel, the amount of pollen, the length of the flowering period, and the phenomenon of pollen abortion are also important factors affecting the way of planting. 3 reasonable close planting Reasonable close planting is the basis for high yield of hybrid corn seed production. Improper handling often results in counterproductive effects, blindly increasing the density and poor ventilation and light transmittance, increasing the proportion of empty stalks, and lowering the rate of seed setting. Therefore, factors such as growth period, parental plant type, and size of the ear must be taken into account when determining the density. Generally, the early-maturing varieties with compact plant types should be densely planted. The ear of these species is usually small, and the potential for yield increase is mainly reflected in the advantage of the group; for some combinations with longer growth periods and larger plant types, in order to fully develop the advantages of individual production, it is appropriate Sparse planting. 4 is definitely wrong Whether flowering meets normally is the key to the success of corn hybrid seed production. If the parental flowering period differs by one or two days, a parental seed soaking may be carried out in the same parent as the other parent, or it may be planted in the wrong season; if the two parents have a difference of more than four days in the flowering period, they should be sowed in the wrong period to sow the parent who has a long growing period and a late flowering period. , Parents who were early in the flowering season. Generally, the number of parental wrong days should be more than the difference in the number of days of flowering, and the difference in sowing date should be 1.5 to 2.0 times the number of days of difference between parents. For example, if the mother's flowering period is 5 days later than the parent, the parent will be broadcast first, and the male parent will be broadcast 8 to 10 days after the mother's sowing. In short, we must master the principle of "best mother and father, not father and mother" in determining the wrong period. 5 Strengthen field management
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