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The reporter recently interviewed several domestic large-scale phosphorus chemical enterprises. It has been learned that in recent years, China has become the world's leading producer and supplier of phosphorus chemical products. Under the situation of global supply of phosphorus chemical products, China’s products have been internationally Has the pricing power. At present, the profit of yellow phosphorus products is huge, and the supply of phosphate products is in short supply. The profitability of China's phosphate chemical industry is gradually increasing, ushering in the best development opportunity in recent years.
However, despite the current favorable outlook for the phosphor chemical industry, the long-standing drawbacks have not been eradicated. Phosphorus chemical products are typical “resources + energy†products. Due to the vicious competition in the previous years, most products are operating at a low profit or loss, and the basic investment is low, so that many products are still in the primary processing stage; due to the distribution of minerals Most of the enterprises are in the old, few, marginal, and poor areas, lack of technology, and inconvenient for transportation, so that they cannot form large-scale, intensive, serialized, fine-scale production; resources and energy waste are serious and bring great Environmental pollution.
The industry believes that China's phosphorus chemical industry should seize the current rare opportunities, jump out of the inherent mode, to achieve the intensive use of resources in order to achieve sustainable development. Nowadays, the good profitability of the phosphor chemical industry has enabled companies to transform and transform or build new advanced projects. According to reports, China's phosphorus chemical industry experienced a boom in 2003-2004, a downturn in 2005-2006, and various regulatory measures since 2007, the development orientation of the industry has been basically clear: limiting the expansion of resource-based primary products, encouraging High value-added products are produced, and exports are controlled through tariff adjustments.
“Strengthening the development of 'integration of mine, electricity, and phosphorus' is an effective way to achieve intensive use of phosphorus resources,†said Hua Xiaoxi, secretary-general of the National Phosphate Cooperation Group. He introduced that yellow phosphorus is a high-energy-consuming product, and the average power consumption per ton of yellow phosphorus in the country is 14,500 kwh, which accounts for about 50% of the total cost. In recent years, power shortages and high electricity prices have severely restricted the development of phosphorus chemicals. Most of China's phosphate ore and its processing companies are located in the high mountains, where there are not only abundant phosphate resources, but also rich hydropower resources. He believes that in the development of hydropower resources while developing phosphorus resources, local materials, combined with phosphate rock and electricity, can greatly ease energy shortages and reduce production costs. “At present, there are a number of integrated mines and phosphors integrated enterprises in Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan and other major phosphate production areas, and they are in good condition,†he said.
The industry generally believes that the main signs of intensive management of phosphorus resources are the utilization efficiency of resources and the optimization of the phosphorus chemical industry chain. Therefore, refinement is the fundamental direction of the intensified development of China's phosphorus chemical industry. According to relevant statistics, China's phosphate reserves rank second in the world, with the advantages of developing phosphorus chemical resources. However, phosphorus is a kind of non-renewable resource. China has proven that the phosphate reserves can be used for about 70 years, among which the high quality phosphorite suitable for yellow phosphorus production in electric furnaces has a short service life, which requires careful utilization of resources.
Hua Xiaoxi introduced that many provinces have begun to pay attention to this issue. For example, in Hubei Province, the "Phosphorus Chemical Industry Development Plan for 2006-2015 in Hubei Province" stipulates that in the three development stages, it is necessary to continuously increase the proportion of fine-phosphorus chemical industry. By 2015, the total output value of phosphorus chemical industry will be 60 billion yuan, including fine phosphorus. Chemicals reached 35 billion yuan. In order to achieve this change, some local companies are implementing product structure adjustments. “In the past few years, we were still a pure industrial grade phosphate producer and the product structure was very unsatisfactory. Since last year, the company has successively added food-grade sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, with an annual production capacity of 10,000 tons, and other food grades. Variety of 8,000 tons, I hope to achieve an intensive transformation as soon as possible." Said Hui Hui, general manager of Hubei Province Xiangfan Juli Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Experts believe that the maximum use of phosphorus resources is also an important task of intensive management. Phosphorus chemical reaction heat and reaction tail gas can be collected and used. For example, an average of 3000 cubic meters of high-purity gas is produced for every 1 ton of yellow phosphorus produced, and 169 kcal of reaction heat is emitted for every 1 ton of phosphoric acid produced. After purification, the gas can be used as raw material or high-quality fuel for downstream products to produce other chemical products. The reaction heat can be used to produce by-product steam. However, at present, the energy collection rate and the degree of utilization of by-products of most enterprises are still limited to the primary stage and shallow use. Therefore, increasing scientific research, improving product support, and making full use of existing energy and resources at a higher level are the only way for China's phosphate chemical industry to develop a recycling economy and realize long-term sustainable development.
At present, the world economy is unpredictable and competition for resources and energy is fierce. China has continuously issued regulatory policies in energy conservation, emission reduction and the development of circular economy. In this context, achieving scientific utilization of phosphorus resources is not only an external requirement but also a consensus for the self-development of the phosphorus chemical industry.